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Thrush

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What is thrush?

Thrush is a common infection that can affect both women and men, though it’s more prevalent in women. It’s caused by a yeast fungus called Candida, which thrives in warm, moist areas of the body. While it’s not classified as a sexually transmitted infection (STI), thrush can sometimes be triggered by sexual activity.

In most cases, Candida lives harmlessly in the body. However, certain conditions can lead to an overgrowth, causing uncomfortable symptoms.

How do you get thrush?

Thrush can develop for several reasons, and sexual activity is one potential trigger. Irritation or damage to the delicate genital skin during sex can make it easier for the infection to take hold.

Other factors that increase your risk include:

  • Pregnancy.
  • Poorly managed diabetes.
  • A weakened immune system.
  • Taking antibiotics.
  • Wearing tight clothing or synthetic underwear.
  • Using perfumed soaps, bubble baths, or other irritants around the genital area.

Symptoms of Thrush

The symptoms of thrush can vary between men and women:

For Women:

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A thick white vaginal discharge resembling cottage cheese (usually odourless).
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Itching and irritation around the vagina and vulva.
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Pain or discomfort during urination.
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Pain during sex.

If you notice a strong, unpleasant vaginal odour, it may be a sign of bacterial vaginosis rather than thrush.

For Men:

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A thick white discharge from the penis that resembles cottage cheese.
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Irritation and redness on the head of the penis.
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Difficulty pulling back the foreskin.
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An unpleasant smell.
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Testing for thrush

If you’re experiencing symptoms, it’s a good idea to visit your GP or a sexual health clinic. A doctor or nurse may examine the affected area and take a swab to confirm whether it’s thrush or another infection.

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How is thrush treated?

Thrush is usually treated with antifungal medication, which can come in various forms:

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Cream: Applied directly to the affected area.

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Oral tablet: Taken by mouth.
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Pessary: A tablet inserted into the vagina.

If you’ve had thrush before and recognise the symptoms, treatment is often available over the counter at your local pharmacy.

If you’re struggling with persistent or recurring thrush, consider booking an appointment with one of our clinicians for personalised advice and treatment options.

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