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What is
Cervical Cancer

Causes, prevention and screening

What Is Cervical Cancer? 

Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that affects the cervix, the opening between the vagina and the uterus. While cervical cancer can be serious, it is often preventable and treatable if detected early. 

At Doctor Care Anywhere, we’re here to guide you through everything you need to know about cervical cancer, from prevention to screening. 

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Causes of cervical cancer 

The primary cause of cervical cancer is an infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). This common virus is passed through skin-to-skin contact, typically during sexual activity. 

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HPV is widespread: Most sexually active people will come into contact with HPV at some point in their lives. 


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In most cases, the immune system clears HPV naturally, with no symptoms or complications. . 


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How to reduce your risk 

There are several steps you can take to lower your risk of cervical cancer: 

Get the HPV vaccine 
  • The HPV vaccine is offered to children aged 12 and 13 as part of the NHS vaccination programme. 
  • This vaccine protects against the high-risk types of HPV that are linked to cervical cancer. 
Practice safe sex 
  • Using condoms can help reduce the risk of HPV transmission. 
Stop smoking 
  • Smoking weakens the immune system, making it harder for the body to clear HPV infections. 
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The importance of smear tests 

A smear test (also known as a cervical screening) is a vital tool for preventing cervical cancer. It detects early changes in cervical cells caused by HPV, allowing treatment before cancer develops. 

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How does a smear test work? 

  • A sample of cells is collected from the cervix using a soft brush. 
  • The sample is checked for high-risk types of HPV that can cause cell changes. 
  • If HPV is found, the cells are examined for any abnormalities. 
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Why are smear tests important? 

  • Smear tests pick up early cell changes, often before symptoms appear. 
  • Treating these changes early can prevent cervical cancer from developing. 
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Who should get a smear test? 

Smear tests are offered to women aged 25 to 64 in the UK: 

  • Ages 25–49: Every three years. 
  • Ages 50–64: Every five years. 

You’ll receive an invitation by post when it’s time for your screening. 

Supporting your cervical health with Doctor Care Anywhere 

If you’re due for a smear test or have questions about cervical cancer, we’re here to help: 

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Book an online consultation with a GP or Advanced Clinical Practitioner (ACP). 


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Get personalised advice on HPV prevention and cervical screening. 


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Discuss any symptoms or concerns you may have with our trusted clinicians.


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